{"id":63338,"date":"2018-11-10T02:00:11","date_gmt":"2018-11-10T10:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=63338"},"modified":"2023-02-25T01:11:49","modified_gmt":"2023-02-25T01:11:49","slug":"muestreo-polietapico-o-multietapas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qa-release.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-polietapico-o-multietapas\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el muestreo poliet\u00e1pico o muestreo multietapas?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El muestreo poliet\u00e1pico, tambi\u00e9n conocido como muestreo multietapas, es un m\u00e9todo que consiste en tomar muestras por etapas utilizando unidades de muestreo descendentes con el objetivo de hacer el proceso m\u00e1s pr\u00e1ctico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este m\u00e9todo puede ser un poco complejo, ya que implica dividir la poblaci\u00f3n en conglomerados y elegir uno o m\u00e1s grupos al azar y se muestrea a todos los miembros del grupo elegido.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aplicaci\u00f3n del muestreo poliet\u00e1pico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Generalmente, se utiliza una mezcla entre el <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-estratificado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">muestreo estratificado<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> o por conglomerados y el <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-aleatorio-simple\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">muestreo aleatorio simple<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El uso de los elementos de la muestra en todos los conglomerados seleccionados puede ser costoso e innecesario. En estas situaciones, el muestreo estratificado de varias etapas es el m\u00e1s \u00fatil, por lo que el investigador selecciona al azar los elementos de cada muestra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La construcci\u00f3n de conglomerados es la primera etapa. Seleccionar los elementos de los que se formar\u00e1 es la segunda. Esta t\u00e9cnica es utilizada con frecuencia cuando no existe una lista completa de todos los miembros de la poblaci\u00f3n y es inapropiada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En algunas situaciones, se aplican varios niveles de selecci\u00f3n de conglomerados antes de que se eliminen los elementos finales de la muestra.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diferencia entre el muestreo poliet\u00e1pico y el muestreo por conglomerados<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El muestreo poliet\u00e1pico es muy similar al <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-por-conglomerados\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">muestreo por conglomerados<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Sin embargo, son sustancialmente diferentes. En el muestreo poliet\u00e1pico se toma una muestra aleatoria de todos los estratos, y en el muestreo por conglomerados solamente se estudian los grupos seleccionados en una o varias etapas.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ventajas &nbsp;y desventajas del muestreo poliet\u00e1pico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n.tg  {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;margin:0px auto;}<br \/>\n.tg td{font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:10px 5px;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;overflow:hidden;word-break:normal;border-color:black;}<br \/>\n.tg th{font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:normal;padding:10px 5px;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;overflow:hidden;word-break:normal;border-color:black;}<br \/>\n.tg .tg-11jk{font-weight:bold;background-color:#e782b9;border-color:inherit;text-align:center}<br \/>\n.tg .tg-xldj{border-color:inherit;text-align:left}<br \/>\n.tg .tg-0lax{text-align:left;vertical-align:top}<br \/>\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {.tg {width: auto !important;}.tg col {width: auto !important;}.tg-wrap {overflow-x: auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;margin: auto 0px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"tg-wrap\">\n<table class=\"tg\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"tg-11jk\">Ventajas<\/th>\n<th class=\"tg-11jk\">Desventajas<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Los costos y los tiempos para llevar a cabo este proceso son efectivos.<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">No es tan preciso como el muestreo aleatorio simple cuando la muestra es del mismo tama\u00f1o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Es un m\u00e9todo conveniente para encontrar la muestra en una encuesta.<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Es dif\u00edcil realizar pruebas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Es mucho m\u00e1s preciso que el muestreo por conglomerados para las muestras del mismo tama\u00f1o.<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Es muy subjetivo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Es eficaz para la recolecci\u00f3n de datos primarios a partir de una poblaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1ficamente dispersa..<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-xldj\">Los resultados de la investigaci\u00f3n no son cien por ciento representativos de la poblaci\u00f3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Es muy flexible.<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Se requiere de informaci\u00f3n a nivel de grupo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El muestreo poliet\u00e1pico es un m\u00e9todo eficaz para las investigaciones que cuentan con un elevado n\u00famero de participantes y se requiere hacer una selecci\u00f3n entre ellos. El objetivo es hacer muestras que vayan de menor a mayor hasta conseguir a los sujetos participantes. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Etapas del muestreo poliet\u00e1pico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para facilitar la realizaci\u00f3n de esta metodolog\u00eda, se puede dividir el proceso en las siguientes etapas:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 10px 0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seleccionar el <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/como-determinar-el-tamano-de-la-muestra-de-una-encuesta-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tama\u00f1o de la muestra.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Cada grupo debe ser numerado de forma \u00fanica y posteriormente, se selecciona una peque\u00f1a muestra relevante.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 10px 0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seleccionar un marco de muestreo de subgrupos relevantes. Este paso se realiza despu\u00e9s de elegir los grupos relevantes en la etapa anterior.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 10px 0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Repetir la segunda etapa si es necesario<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; margin: 10px 0;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seleccionar a los miembros del grupo de la muestra de subgrupos utilizando alguna variaci\u00f3n de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/como-realizar-un-muestreo-probabilistico\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">muestreo probabil\u00edstico<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Te invitamos a conocer tambi\u00e9n sobre el <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-de-etapas-multiples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">muestreo de etapas m\u00faltiples<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El muestreo poliet\u00e1pico, tambi\u00e9n conocido como muestreo multietapas, es un m\u00e9todo que consiste en tomar muestras por etapas utilizando unidades [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":63339,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-63338","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-investigacion-de-mercado","8":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - 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