{"id":75765,"date":"2019-09-10T02:00:01","date_gmt":"2019-09-10T09:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/?p=75765"},"modified":"2023-02-23T22:45:35","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T22:45:35","slug":"muestreo-al-azar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qa-release.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-al-azar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un muestreo al azar?"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes read<\/span><\/span><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un muestreo al azar es un tipo de muestreo f\u00e1cil de llevar a cabo. Consiste en enumerar los elementos de la poblaci\u00f3n y seleccionar al azar los elementos que integrar\u00e1n la muestra.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En este tipo de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/como-realizar-un-muestreo-probabilistico\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">muestreo probabil\u00edstico<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> cada miembro de la poblaci\u00f3n tiene la misma posibilidad de ser seleccionado.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tipos de muestreo al azar<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La muestra al azar tiene diferentes formas de realizarse. Entre las principales se encuentran las siguientes:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-aleatorio-simple\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b>Muestreo aleatorio simple<\/b><\/a><b>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Es un proceso en el que cada integrante del p\u00fablico objetivo y cada muestra posible, tienen la misma posibilidad de ser elegidos.<\/span><\/span>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-estratificado\/\"><b>Muestreo estratificado:<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este tipo de muestreo tiene el objetivo de separar al p\u00fablico objetivo en segmentos exclusivos y homog\u00e9neos. Posteriormente se realiza una muestra aleatoria simple en cada estrato.<\/span><\/span>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-por-conglomerados\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b>Muestreo por conglomerados<\/b><\/a><b>: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En este procedimiento, los elementos del p\u00fablico objetivos son elegidos al azar naturalmente por agrupaciones. Estos, se seleccionan de forma individual.<\/span><\/span>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/muestreo-sistematico\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b>Muestreo sistem\u00e1tico:<\/b> <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En este tipo de muestreo al azar se realiza una selecci\u00f3n aleatoria del primer elemento de la muestra, posteriormente se eligen los otros, a trav\u00e9s de intervalos fijos o sistem\u00e1ticos, hasta obtener el tama\u00f1o de la muestra requerido.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gu\u00eda para llevar a cabo una muestra al azar<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El primer paso en el muestreo al azar consiste en seleccionar a la poblaci\u00f3n objetivo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Posteriormente, identifica el marco de muestreo para tu poblaci\u00f3n objetivo.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eval\u00faa el marco de muestreo y haz los ajustes necesarios.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asigna un n\u00famero \u00fanico a cada elemento del p\u00fablico objetivo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Define el <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/es\/tama%C3%B1o-de-la-muestra.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tama\u00f1o de la muestra<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selecciona al azar el n\u00famero espec\u00edfico de elementos de la poblaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ventajas de realizar una muestra al azar<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Las principales ventajas de realizar una muestra al azar son las siguientes:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A diferencia de otros m\u00e9todos, si se realiza de forma correcta, permite reducir cualquier sesgo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Es muy f\u00e1cil seleccionar un tama\u00f1o de muestra peque\u00f1o de una poblaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s grande.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No es necesario ser un experto y tener conocimientos t\u00e9cnicos para realizar este proceso, solo basta con hacer una pregunta que permita reunir la informaci\u00f3n necesaria.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desventajas de realizar una muestra al azar&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Algunas desventajas de realizar un muestreo al azar son:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puede ser un m\u00e9todo de recolecci\u00f3n de datos muy costoso.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No debe realizarse en estudios para los que se necesitan hacer entrevistas personales.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Es dif\u00edcil de realizar cuando el tama\u00f1o de muestra es muy grande.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si deseas realizar una investigaci\u00f3n que requiera poco tiempo y dinero, un muestreo al azar es la mejor opci\u00f3n para ti. Sin duda, es muy pr\u00e1ctico.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encuesta aqu\u00ed los <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/es\/tipos-de-muestreo-para-investigaciones-sociales\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tipos de muestreo para investigaciones sociales<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes read<\/span><\/span> Un muestreo al azar es un tipo de muestreo f\u00e1cil de llevar a cabo. Consiste en enumerar los elementos de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":75766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un muestreo al azar?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Conoce qu\u00e9 es un muestreo al azar, las ventajas y desventajas de aplicar este m\u00e9todo y una gu\u00eda para hacerlo de forma exitosa.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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