{"id":34963,"date":"2016-12-14T03:30:07","date_gmt":"2016-12-14T11:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/?p=34963"},"modified":"2016-12-14T03:30:07","modified_gmt":"2016-12-14T11:30:07","slug":"amostragem-aleatoria-simples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qa-release.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-aleatoria-simples\/","title":{"rendered":"Tudo sobre amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J\u00e1 vimos anteriormente <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-para-pesquisas-o-que-e-e-sua-importancia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">o que \u00e9 uma amostra<\/a>, mas voc\u00ea sabia que existem v\u00e1rios tipos? A amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples \u00e9 um dos muitos tipos de amostra do tipo probabil\u00edstica e \u00e9 o tipo mais usado de todos. Nesse caso, os indiv\u00edduos s\u00e3o selecionados por sorteio e por esse motivo t\u00eam a mesma probabilidade de serem selecionados para a compor a amostra.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sabemos que um dos temas mais importantes para a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pesquisa online<\/a> \u00e9 a amostragem que deve constar de <strong>tamanho<\/strong> e qualidade ideal, combinado com os <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/tipos-de-perguntas-para-uma-pesquisa-online\/\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tipos certos de perguntas<\/a>, e seguido de uma boa <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/analise-de-dados.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an\u00e1lise de dados<\/a>. Por esse motivo, daremos uma aten\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span> aten\u00e7\u00e3o especial ao tipo de <strong>amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Tipos de amostragem<\/h2>\n<p>O tipo da amostra \u00e9 t\u00e3o importante quanto o tamanho da mesma e, em conjunto, fornecer\u00e3o os dados que voc\u00ea busca em sua pesquisa. Sendo assim, a amostragem \u00e9 o que determinar\u00e1 se os dados s\u00e3o de boa ou m\u00e1 qualidade.<\/p>\n<p>Veja os tipos de amostragem usadas em <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/pesquisa-de-mercado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pesquisas de mercado<\/a> e pesquisas de um modo geral:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-probabilistica\/\"><strong>Amostragens probabil\u00edsticas<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estratificada<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-sistematica-simples-e-facil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sistem\u00e1tica<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostra-por-conglomerados\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conglomerados<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Amostragens n\u00e3o probabil\u00edsticas<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Amostra por <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-por-conveniencia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">conveni\u00eancia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Amostra por <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-discricionaria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">julgamento<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Amostra por <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-de-cotas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cotas<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Amostra <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/o-que-e-amostragem-de-bola-de-neve\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bola de neve<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Amostra desproporcional<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Amostragem probabil\u00edstica aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples d\u00e1 a cada elemento da <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/tipos-de-publico-alvo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">popula\u00e7\u00e3o alvo<\/a> a mesma probabilidade de serem selecionados, pois essa sele\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita em forma de sorteio.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Etapas para selecionar uma amostra aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/amostragem-para-sua-pesquisa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Definir a popula\u00e7\u00e3o-alvo<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identificar um quadro de amostragem atual da popula\u00e7\u00e3o-alvo ou desenvolva um novo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avaliar o quadro de amostragem para a falta de cobertura, cobertura excessiva, cobertura m\u00faltipla e agrupa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determinar um n\u00famero \u00fanico para cada elemento da trama.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/mobile-diaries.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Calcular o tamanho da amostra<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/mobile-diaries.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">. (use nossa calculadora)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selecionar aleatoriamente o n\u00famero espec\u00edfico de elementos da popula\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Para selecionar o n\u00famero de elementos da popula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel recorrer ao m\u00e9todo de loteria. Isto \u00e9, uma tabela de n\u00fameros aleat\u00f3rios \u00e9 gerado atrav\u00e9s de um programa de computador. Como resultado, em um sistema de sorteio, os n\u00fameros que representam cada um dos elementos da popula\u00e7\u00e3o alvo s\u00e3o colocados em fichas.<\/li>\n<li>Ap\u00f3s isso, as fichas s\u00e3o misturadas.<\/li>\n<li>Em seguida, selecionam as fichas a partir do recipiente at\u00e9 que se tenha obtido o tamanho da amostra desejada.<\/li>\n<li>Em uma tabela de n\u00fameros aleat\u00f3rios n\u00e3o se segue um padr\u00e3o particular. Eles podem ser lidos de qualquer maneira, ou seja, horizontal, vertical, diagonal, para frente ou para tr\u00e1s.<\/li>\n<li>O n\u00famero de d\u00edgito utilizado deve corresponder ao tamanho total da popula\u00e7\u00e3o-alvo e o n\u00famero que o investigador encontra que n\u00e3o combina com o atribu\u00eddo ao elemento da popula\u00e7\u00e3o-alvo \u00e9 ignorado.<\/li>\n<li>Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode usar um software estat\u00edstico ou planilha de c\u00e1lculos para gerar n\u00fameros aleat\u00f3rios, e os elementos de popula\u00e7\u00f5es cujos n\u00fameros correspondem aos n\u00fameros atribu\u00eddos gerados pelo software s\u00e3o inclu\u00eddos na amostra.<\/li>\n<li>Voc\u00ea pode selecionar um n\u00famero de uma tabela \u00a0aleat\u00f3ria para us\u00e1-lo como o n\u00famero de partida para o procedimento.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Saiba a <a href=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/pt-br\/populacao-e-amostra\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diferen\u00e7a entre popula\u00e7\u00e3o e amostra<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-62539 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Amostra-min.jpg\" alt=\"Amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples\" width=\"800\" height=\"2000\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subtipos de amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Existem dois tipos de amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>de reposi\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211;<\/strong> um item que \u00e9 selecionado no quadro de amostragem, \u00e9 devolvido e pode ser eleg\u00edvel novamente.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>sem reposi\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211;<\/strong> o item depois de escolhido uma vez, \u00e9 retirado e n\u00e3o pode mais ser selecionado.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vantagens da amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>(comparado com outros m\u00e9todos de amostragem probabil\u00edstica)<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Cada combina\u00e7\u00e3o poss\u00edvel de amostragem tem igual probabilidade de ser selecionado. \u00c9 mais f\u00e1cil de compreender e comunicar a outros.<\/li>\n<li>Tende a produzir amostras representativas.<\/li>\n<li>Os procedimentos estat\u00edsticos necess\u00e1rios para analisar erros de dados e de software de estat\u00edstica s\u00e3o mais f\u00e1ceis.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>Tamb\u00e9m existem algumas desvantagens&#8230;<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>(comparado com outros m\u00e9todos de amostragem probabil\u00edstica)<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>N\u00e3o tirar proveito do conhecimento que o pesquisador poderia ter sobre a popula\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>Ter erros maiores e com menos precis\u00e3o do que outros projetos de amostragem\u00a0com o mesmo tamanho da amostra.<\/li>\n<li>Subgrupos da popula\u00e7\u00e3o tem interesses particulares e n\u00e3o podem ser inclu\u00eddos com um n\u00famero suficiente na amostra.<\/li>\n<li>Com a popula\u00e7\u00e3o dispersa, em que os custos por coleta de dados podem ser mais altos do que de outros modelos da amostra<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agora \u00e9 hora de come\u00e7ar a pesquisar. Lembre-se que na<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> QuestionPro<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> temos as ferramentas de<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/tour\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> software de pesquisa online<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e tamb\u00e9m<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/mobile\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que voc\u00ea precisa para o seu neg\u00f3cio decolar!<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Agende uma demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o sem compromisso<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, totalmente gratuita e em portugu\u00eas e conhe\u00e7a todos os recursos que temos dispon\u00edveis em nossas<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/pt-br\/features\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> diferentes licen\u00e7as<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/demonstracaovirtual.questionpro.com\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-109079 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/bota\u0303o-demo-1-300x46.png\" alt=\"agendar demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"46\" \/><\/a><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-109585 size-full alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/usqa.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/linha.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"755\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J\u00e1 vimos anteriormente o que \u00e9 uma amostra, mas voc\u00ea sabia que existem v\u00e1rios tipos? A amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples \u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":34964,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[243,217,214],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-34963","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-pesquisa-de-mercado","8":"category-produtos-questionpro","9":"category-software-de-pesquisa","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tudo sobre amostragem aleat\u00f3ria simples | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A amostragem 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