{"id":789774,"date":"2023-03-09T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/etnografik-arastirma-nedir-turleri-yontemleri-artilari-ve-eksileri\/"},"modified":"2023-05-05T17:53:20","modified_gmt":"2023-05-05T17:53:20","slug":"etnografik-arastirma-nedir-turleri-yontemleri-artilari-ve-eksileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qa-release.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/etnografik-arastirma-nedir-turleri-yontemleri-artilari-ve-eksileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma: Nedir, T\u00fcrleri, Y\u00f6ntemleri + Art\u0131lar\u0131 ve Eksileri"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">6<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes read<\/span><\/span>\n<p>Sosyal ve davran\u0131\u015fsal bilimler, <strong>nitel veri<\/strong> toplama stratejisi olarak etnografiyi s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullanmaktad\u0131r. Toplumlar\u0131n ve bireylerin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6zlemler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yoluyla veri toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Etnograflar, bir laboratuvardaki ya\u015fam\u0131 kontrol etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine, onu oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6zlemlerler. Hayat \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez oldu\u011fundan, etnograflar s\u0131kl\u0131kla giri\u015fimlerini Kurul&#8217;un de\u011ferlendirebilece\u011fi bir formatta \u00f6zetlemek i\u00e7in yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 kabul etmesi i\u00e7in, kapsaml\u0131 bir gerek\u00e7e sunmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma parametrelerini, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131larla nas\u0131l ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ilece\u011fini ve kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tehlikeleri anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak, esnek ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 benimsemelerini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu blog, etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131, t\u00fcrlerini, izlenecek y\u00f6ntemleri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek baz\u0131 art\u0131lar\u0131 ve eksileri a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130\u00e7erik Dizini<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma nedir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n art\u0131lar\u0131 ve eksileri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sonu\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma nedir?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bir grup insan\u0131n \u00e7evrelerinde nas\u0131l hareket ettiklerini ve birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fimde bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 inceler. Karma\u015f\u0131k verilere ve say\u0131lara odaklanmak yerine \u00e7o\u011funlukla insanlar hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6zlem yapmakla ilgilidir.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n klasik bir \u00f6rne\u011fi, bir antropolo\u011fun bir adaya gidip y\u0131llarca orada ya\u015famas\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, b\u00f6ylece onlarla birlikte ya\u015famas\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcre g\u00f6zlemlemesidir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p><em>Tarihteki en \u00fcnl\u00fc antropolog olan Margaret Mead&#8217;in 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Coming of Age in Samoa adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da buydu.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Muhtemelen yak\u0131n zamanda uzak adalara gitmeyecek olsan\u0131z bile, etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 konusunda buradan \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Ba\u011flam ne kadar \u00f6nemli<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusunun bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ilk s\u0131raya koymak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir grup insan ve onlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda derinlemesine bilgi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir toplumu i\u00e7inden g\u00f6zlemlemek<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00fct\u00fcnsel ve kaliteye dayal\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, i\u015f, e\u011fitim ve etnografik t\u0131bbi ara\u015ft\u0131rma dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar \u00e7e\u015fitli insan faaliyeti kategorilerine dayan\u0131r ve her bir t\u00fcr\u00fc belirli \u00f6zellikler tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131, t\u0131p, e\u011fitim ve psikoloji, etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n uygulanabilece\u011fi alanlardan sadece birka\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Psikoloji Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma metodolojileri psikolojide insan deneyimini ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu durum psikolojik etnografi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini, duygular\u0131n\u0131 ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri, topluluklar\u0131 ve sosyal dinamikleri ba\u011flam\u0131nda anlamak i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlemeyi ve onlarla etkile\u015fim kurmay\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Psikolojik etnograflar, bilgi toplamak ve psikolojik olgular\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in nicel y\u00f6ntemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra derinlemesine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, odak gruplar\u0131 ve saha notlar\u0131 gibi nitel y\u00f6ntemleri de kullanabilirler.<\/p>\n\n<p>Psikolojik etnografi, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyal etkilerden etkilenen psikolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve deneyimler hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 ve incelikli bir anlay\u0131\u015f sunar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Etnografik psikoloji ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in soru \u00f6rnekleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130nsanlar\u0131n fikirleri ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ge\u00e7mi\u015flerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak nas\u0131l farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir ki\u015finin sosyal ve toplumsal a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve esenli\u011fi \u00fczerinde ne gibi etkileri vard\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferler ve gelenekler insanlar\u0131n duygular\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l hissettiklerini ve ifade ettiklerini nas\u0131l etkiler?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130nsanlar \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal ba\u011flamlarda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimliklerini y\u00f6nlendirmek ve uzla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hangi stratejileri kullan\u0131rlar?<br\/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Ticari Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Ticari etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, pazar taleplerini ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\/hizmet tutumlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in t\u00fcketici al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve hedef pazarlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler. M\u00fc\u015fteri isteklerini belirlemek ve pazar taleplerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in harika bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma tekni\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi, hedef pazar t\u00fcketici al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, m\u00fclakatlar ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i anketler kullan\u0131r. \u0130\u015f etnograflar\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fteri davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 incelemek ve etkili pazarlama taktikleri geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntemleri kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ticari etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, hedef pazarlara i\u015fletmeden daha fazla \u00f6ncelik veren t\u00fcketici veya m\u00fc\u015fteri odakl\u0131 bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve gerektirir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131, pazar i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcleri i\u00e7in tekrar eden m\u00fc\u015fteri davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Do\u011fru sorular\u0131 sormak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ilgili verileri elde etmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u0130\u015f etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma soru \u00f6rnekleri:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn veya hizmetin hangi \u00f6zelliklerini be\u011feniyorsunuz?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kullanman\u0131z\u0131n nedeni nedir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcn sizin i\u00e7in hangi \u00f6zel gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcn hangi benzersiz ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yor?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn fiyat\u0131 de\u011ferini yans\u0131t\u0131yor mu?<br\/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>E\u011fitimsel Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>E\u011fitim etnografisi, \u00f6\u011fretme ve \u00f6\u011frenme y\u00f6ntemlerini ve bunlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini incelemeyi gerektirir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma paradigmas\u0131, pedagojinin \u00f6\u011frenme \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131ftaki payda\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini incelemektedir.<\/p>\n\n<p>E\u011fitimsel etnografi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6\u011frenme tutumlar\u0131n\u0131, motivasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ve e\u011filimlerini inceler. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, en uygun ve objektif verileri elde etmek i\u00e7in kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 olmayan g\u00f6zlem ve do\u011frudan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemi kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>E\u011fitimsel etnografi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/types-of-questions-question-types.html\">soru t\u00fcrleri<\/a> \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bu e\u011fitim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 destekliyor musunuz?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>E\u011fitimci s\u0131n\u0131fta geri bildirime izin veriyor mu?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6\u011fretim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hedefleri a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade ediyor mu?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6\u011frenci \u00f6\u011frenme konusunda nas\u0131l hissediyor?<br\/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>T\u0131bbi Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi etnografi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, nitel sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131, doktorlar\u0131n hasta davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 basitten karma\u015f\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na hasta bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de\u011ferli bilgiler verir. Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bir sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00fcreticisinin hedef pazar ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 anlamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak \u00fcr\u00fcn tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 etkiler.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma ayn\u0131 zamanda sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na hastalar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k talepleri, re\u00e7etelere ve tedavi prosed\u00fcrlerine tepkileri ve iyile\u015ftirme \u00f6nerileri hakk\u0131nda i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc sa\u011flar.  <\/p>\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorular\u0131:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bu ilac\u0131 ne kadar s\u00fcredir kullan\u0131yorsunuz?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ne kadar s\u00fcredir bu tedaviyi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u015eimdiye kadar hangi yap\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri fark ettiniz?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u015eu anda herhangi bir yan etkiniz var m\u0131?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu re\u00e7ete veya tedavi y\u00f6ntemi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za uygun mu?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, alana, \u00f6rneklemin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma hedefine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bir veya daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi kullanabilir. Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapman\u0131n genellikle be\u015f ana yolu vard\u0131r:  <\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Do\u011falc\u0131l\u0131k,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemi,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anketler ve  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ar\u015fivlerde ara\u015ft\u0131rma.<br\/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>\u015eimdi ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara girelim:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<h3><\/h3><li>Do\u011falc\u0131l\u0131k<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Canl\u0131 ve i\u015f etnografisi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 olarak da bilinen nat\u00fcralizm, davran\u0131\u015f kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek ve kaydetmek i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini do\u011fal ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlemeyi i\u00e7erir. Faaliyetlerini kaydetmek i\u00e7in grubun do\u011fal ya\u015fam alan\u0131nda zaman ge\u00e7irmeyi de i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>En eski etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi olan nat\u00fcralizm, etnograf ile de\u011fi\u015fkenler aras\u0131nda yak\u0131nl\u0131k kurabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, bu y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131rken en objektif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in denek m\u00fcdahalesini en aza indirmelidir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Gizlenmemi\u015f do\u011fal g\u00f6zlem m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Gizlenmi\u015f do\u011fal g\u00f6zlemde insanlar incelendiklerinden habersizdirler, ancak gizlenmemi\u015f g\u00f6zlemde bunun fark\u0131ndad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ya\u015fam ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tekni\u011finde denekleri kendi do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlemek en do\u011fru ve ilgili verileri sa\u011flar. \u00d6zellikle sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim alan\u0131ndaki modern etnograflar, pahal\u0131 ve zaman al\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntemden ka\u00e7\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<h3><\/h3><li>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Etnografi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlem, etnograf\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6zneleriyle aktif olarak etkile\u015fime girmesini i\u00e7erir. Bu y\u00f6ntem hayata ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya benziyor.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlem, etnograf\u0131n gruba kat\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan canl\u0131 ve do\u011fal g\u00f6zlemden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 sadece gruba \u00f6zel bilgi al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Gizlenmi\u015f ve gizlenmemi\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemi mevcuttur. Etnograf, ilkinde kendisini bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6znesi olarak gizler.<\/p>\n\n<p>Gizlenmemi\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemde, etnograf toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131l\u0131r ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klar. Bu y\u00f6ntem, reaktif olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gizli kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zleminden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlem, etnograflara daha fazla veri sa\u011flar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma deneklerinin deneyimlerini ve al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha iyi anlarlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle gizlenmemi\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zleminde, ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6znelerinin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir ve bu da sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tabilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6nyarg\u0131s\u0131 da bir ba\u015fka endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Grupla etkile\u015fimleri nedeniyle etnograflar daha az objektif hale gelebilir, bu da deneysel \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7abilir ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<h3><\/h3><li>R\u00f6portajlar<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Etnografik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, en \u00f6zg\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in derin g\u00f6zlemi bire bir tart\u0131\u015fmalarla birle\u015ftirir. Etnograf bu tasar\u0131mda ara\u015ft\u0131rma ile ilgili faaliyetleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubu ile konu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu ba\u011flamsal sorgulama, ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubunun hedefleri ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda veri toplar. Etnograf, ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubunu do\u011fal ortam\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlerken grup hakk\u0131nda sorular sorabilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen ki\u015filerle olan ili\u015fkisi s\u0131kl\u0131kla gayri resmi, spontane bir etnografik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7ar. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlem genellikle etnograf\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubuyla etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7erek onlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmesini sa\u011flayan etnografik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130ki y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan etnografik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubundan en ilgili ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn bilgileri almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ancak etnograf-denek ili\u015fkileri deneysel yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<h3><\/h3><li>Anketler<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Etnografi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, konu hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcmevar\u0131msal ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleridir. Analitik t\u00fcmevar\u0131m, hipotezleri test etmek i\u00e7in anket sorular\u0131n\u0131 kullanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bir anket, etnograf\u0131n veri elde etmesine, analiz etmesine ve objektif sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Analitik t\u00fcmevar\u0131m, ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubunun al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini belirlemeye ve g\u00fcvenilir a\u00e7\u0131klamalar sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>En alakal\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in anketinizde birden fazla soru t\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131n. Likert \u00f6l\u00e7ekli, a\u00e7\u0131k u\u00e7lu, \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli ve kapal\u0131 u\u00e7lu etnografya anket sorular\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>QuestionPro<\/strong> gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir etnografik anket olu\u015fturman\u0131z\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fctmenizi sa\u011flayabilir. <strong>QuestionPro anket yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> dakikalar i\u00e7inde etnografik bir anket formu olu\u015fturman\u0131z\u0131 ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara da\u011f\u0131tman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Anket yan\u0131tlama yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek anket b\u0131rakma oranlar\u0131 bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma stratejisinin \u00f6nemli dezavantajlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, bu strateji h\u0131zl\u0131 ve uygun maliyetlidir ve bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubu hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler verebilir.<\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<h3><\/h3><li>Ar\u015fivlerde ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Ar\u015fiv ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, yararl\u0131 bilgiler bulmak i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubuyla ilgili mevcut ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer kaynaklar\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren nitel bir etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemidir. Anlay\u0131\u015f bu s\u00fcreci tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ar\u015fiv ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, fiziksel mevcudiyet yerine ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 tarihi materyalleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in etnografiyi kullan\u0131r. T\u00fcm ara\u015ft\u0131rma de\u011fi\u015fken verilerini analiz eder.<\/p>\n\n<p>Etnograf\u0131n deneklerle temas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ar\u015fiv ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 deneysel \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Etnograf, daha do\u011fru bulgular i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir veri seti de kullanabilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ar\u015fiv ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, randomizasyon nedeniyle ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubunu yanl\u0131\u015f temsil edebilir. Ar\u015fiv verileri \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 olabilir ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n Art\u0131lar\u0131 ve Eksileri<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n pek \u00e7ok faydas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ancak bunun da \u00e7e\u015fitli sorunlar\u0131 olabilece\u011fini unutmamak \u00f6nemlidir. Etnografi, art\u0131lar\u0131 ve eksileri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in okumaya devam edin.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Art\u0131lar\u0131<\/td><td>Eksiler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, toplumu veya medeniyeti ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klar. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve deneyimlerini ortaya koyarak davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin kapsaml\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131k bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u0130nsan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve sosyal dinamikler konular\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Akademisyenlerin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc deneyimlemelerine ve insanlar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmelerine olanak tan\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 kendi do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131nda incelemek, insan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, toplumu ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n daha do\u011fru bir resmini verir.<\/td><td>Uzun saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve veri toplama Belirli bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, topluluk veya toplumsal gruba odaklan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle daha genelle\u015ftirilebilir olmas\u0131 gerekebilir Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, incelenen toplum veya ki\u015filerle ki\u015fisel olarak ba\u011flant\u0131 kurdu\u011funda nesnellik daha kolay olabilir Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve deneyimi nedeniyle \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 olabilir Bilgilendirilmi\u015f onam ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 gizlili\u011fi gibi etik sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famlar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilecekleri sorunlar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmenin harika bir yoludur. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma size kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z hakk\u0131nda, onlardan bir laboratuvarda bir g\u00f6rev yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f olsayd\u0131n\u0131z hen\u00fcz g\u00f6remeyece\u011finiz \u015feyleri g\u00f6sterecektir.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00d6te yandan etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma pahal\u0131 olabilir ve \u00e7ok zaman alabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorular\u0131n\u0131za yan\u0131t alabilmeniz i\u00e7in do\u011fru ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemini kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra, ekiplerin de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmak i\u00e7in bu bilgileri kullanabilmesi i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve etkili bir \u015fekilde sunman\u0131z gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinizin sonu\u00e7larda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n<p>QuestionPro Research Suite etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ara\u00e7lar\u0131, insan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, toplumu ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan <strong>nitel veriler<\/strong> toplaman\u0131za ve de\u011ferlendirmenize olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>QuestionPro, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6zlem, m\u00fclakat, odak gruplar\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel etnografi i\u00e7in veri toplamay\u0131 basitle\u015ftirir, b\u00f6ylece i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fclere ve anlamaya odaklanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Nitel ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong> g\u00fcc\u00fcyle etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak i\u00e7in QuestionPro&#8217;ya bug\u00fcn kaydolun.<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/research-edition-survey-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n  <button>DAHA FAZLA BI\u0307LGI\u0307 EDI\u0307NI\u0307N<\/button>\n<\/a>       <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?classID=1053&amp;sourceRef=blog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n  <button>\u00dcCRETS\u0130Z DENEME<\/button>\n<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">6<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes read<\/span><\/span> Sosyal ve davran\u0131\u015fsal bilimler, nitel veri toplama stratejisi olarak etnografiyi s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullanmaktad\u0131r. Toplumlar\u0131n ve bireylerin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6zlemler [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":783060,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Etnografik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma: Nedir, T\u00fcrleri, Y\u00f6ntemleri + Art\u0131lar\u0131 ve Eksileri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Etnografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bir grubun, toplulu\u011fun veya kurulu\u015fun k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in 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